(Fallacy in Logic) The Dunning-Kruger effect, also referred to as “Mount Stupid”, is a common and widely-known cognitive bias, named after the researchers who identified it in 1999. It describes the tendency of low performers to see themselves as more knowledgeable and capable than they really are. In short, individuals with low competence are unable to determine the level of their own ability and understanding, as well as recognize the skills of others.